Bullying in Schools: Short- and Long-Term Impacts, Strategies for Prevention, and School-Based Solutions

Blog

Bullying in schools has both short- and long-term impacts, affecting students’ mental health, academic performance, and relationships. This blog explores effective strategies for prevention and school-based solutions to create safer, more inclusive environments for all students.

Bullying is a pervasive issue in schools, affecting students at all grade levels. Its negative effects extend beyond the initial incident, disrupting learning, harming relationships, and causing lasting consequences for those involved.

Moreover, bullying can cause chronic absenteeism, when children miss more than 10% of school, which can significantly contribute to learning loss.

To make schools safer for children, proactive prevention is essential. Schools must prioritize fostering safe and inclusive spaces where students feel supported and secure.

At Healthy Campus, we offer holistic, campus-based healthcare solutions to support student well-being. In this blog, we’ll examine key data on the four forms of bullying: physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. We will also offer insights into how schools can create safer environments for students through bullying prevention.

 

Common Forms of Bullying in Schools

Physical Bullying

Physical bullying involves harmful acts like hitting, pushing, or other aggressive behavior that directly injures the victim.

This type of bullying leaves students feeling scared and powerless. They may struggle to focus on schoolwork or even trust their peers. Beyond physical injuries, the emotional scars can last well into adulthood, affecting their sense of safety and confidence.

Schools have a responsibility to address this issue by teaching empathy and offering students nonviolent ways to resolve conflicts.

Verbal Bullying

Verbal bullying, including behaviors like name-calling, insults, and threats, is the most commonly reported form of bullying in schools.

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the 2021–22 school year, 12% of students aged 12–18 reported being made fun of, called names, or insulted.

These harmful behaviors often lead to anxiety, sadness, and social withdrawal, making it harder for students to handle their schoolwork. With verbal bullying being so common, it must remain a top priority in prevention efforts.

Relational Bullying

Relational bullying targets a student’s social connections and peer relationships. This often includes spreading rumors, excluding others, or manipulating friendships to create a perceived power imbalance.

Victims often feel isolated and unsupported, leading to emotional distress and decreased motivation in school. Schools need to create environments that promote inclusivity and peer support to reduce bullying behavior of this kind.

Cyberbullying

Cyberbullying uses digital platforms to harm others through hurtful messages, images, or posts. It’s an especially worrisome problem for teens. A 2022 survey by the Pew Research Center found that nearly half (46%) of teens aged 13 to 17 have experienced at least one form of cyberbullying.

Unlike other forms, cyberbullying can follow victims beyond the school setting, making it inescapable. Its effects spill over into the classroom, impacting attendance, focus, and mental health.

To prevent bullying online, it needs to be a group effort. Schools and families must work together to teach responsible digital behavior and encourage students to report incidents immediately.

 

The Impact of Bullying: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Short-Term Effects

Bullying leads to immediate issues such as anxiety, depression, and poor academic performance. These struggles often prevent students from participating in class, forming friendships, or engaging in school activities.

Unfortunately, many victims begin to feel unsafe at school. This ultimately results in chronic absenteeism that affects learning outcomes across grade levels.

Long-Term Effects

The effects of bullying can persist far beyond childhood, leading to long-term mental health issues, substance abuse, and difficulties maintaining healthy relationships.

These emotional scars may follow victims into adulthood, affecting their confidence, professional success, and financial well-being.

Societal and Economic Impacts

Bullying in schools has far-reaching societal and economic impacts that extend beyond individual victims. Schools with high rates of bullying often experience reduced attendance and lower overall academic performance, which can impact school funding.

For instance, in Harlem’s District 5, over 60% of students were chronically absent during the 2022-23 school year. A local family member stated “They’re being bullied in school, picked on. It’s not just that they’re absent because we’re keeping them home. They don’t want to go to school.” 

This decline in academic engagement can lead to higher dropout rates, which in turn affect employment opportunities and economic stability. As a result, victims of bullying are more likely to face financial struggles and limited career opportunities (per a 2015 study in PubMed Central).

By tackling bullying as it happens, schools can promote resilience and foster a healthier environment where students feel supported and valued.

 

Strategies and Solutions for Bullying Prevention

School-Based Programs

To combat bullying, schools must establish strong anti-bullying policies and ensure school staff are trained to respond appropriately.

Programs focused on teaching empathy, kindness, and conflict resolution have proven successful in preventing bullying and fostering positive school cultures. Additionally, implementing secure reporting systems encourages students to share concerns without fear.

Peer-Support Systems

Sometimes, students just need to feel like someone’s in their corner. Peer-support programs like buddy systems or mentoring help students build those connections, offering emotional support when it’s most needed.

Additionally, encouraging students to step in or alert an adult when they see bullying can create a kinder, more respectful school environment.

Parental Involvement

Bullying prevention is much stronger when parents are involved. Open communication at home helps children feel supported and more willing to share concerns.

When parents are actively engaged, they can spot subtle changes in their child’s behavior that might indicate bullying.

Parents can also work alongside school staff to advocate for stronger policies and inclusivity-focused initiatives.

Community Resources

Organizations like StopBullying.gov offer valuable resources for schools and families to address bullying holistically.

Local programs provide counseling, educational workshops, and tools to foster collaboration between parents, teachers, and students. Utilizing these resources helps reduce bullying behavior and strengthens community issue prevention.

 

Mental Health Support for Bullying Victims & Interventions for Bullies

Supporting Victims

Students impacted by bullying often experience mental health challenges that hinder attendance and academic success. Chronic absenteeism, tied to emotional distress, can significantly affect a student’s average daily attendance (ADA).

Thus, schools must provide counseling and mental health services to help victims recover and rebuild their confidence. Safe, accessible support systems can reduce bullying behavior by empowering victims to stand up for themselves and report incidents.

Interventions for Bullying Prevention

Bullying often stems from something deeper, like emotional pain or unmet needs. These behaviors can be a way for bullies to mask their own insecurities or struggles.

By teaching empathy and accountability, behavioral intervention programs provide them with the tools to make positive changes. These programs also give children the opportunity to learn healthy ways to express emotions and deal with conflicts.

Supporting Vulnerable Students

Students with disabilities are at greater risk of bullying, often due to issues with self-advocacy or social stigmas that set them apart.

These students may find it difficult to express when they’re being bullied, making proactive support essential. Providing access to resources such as counselors, peer-support groups, and staff trained in handling bullying can help these students feel safer and more supported.

 

Long-Term Solutions for Educators & Parents

A Unified Effort To Bullying Prevention

Creating a safe and inclusive environment requires a unified effort from teachers, parents, students, and the community. Teachers and parents play critical roles in modeling respect and fostering empathy, while students can actively support their peers and stand against bullying.

Schools should prioritize ongoing staff training to ensure they are equipped to handle bullying and promote inclusivity.

Additionally, open conversations about mental health help break stigma and provide students with the tools to express their needs and concerns. Together, these efforts build a supportive culture where all students can feel safe and comfortable at school.

 

Resources

These resources provide crucial support systems for individuals impacted by bullying:

  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call 988 for 24/7, free, and confidential support for anyone experiencing emotional distress or a mental health crisis. This lifeline connects individuals to trained counselors who can provide immediate help and resources.
  • Crisis Text Line: Text HOME to 741741 for access to trained crisis counselors anytime. This text-based service is a valuable resource for students who may feel more comfortable reaching out via text.
  • StopBullying.gov: This site offers comprehensive information on legal protections, reporting systems, and practical strategies to address bullying. It’s a valuable tool for parents, educators, and students seeking to understand and combat bullying.

 

The Path to Safer, Healthier Schools

Bullying prevention requires collective action from educators, parents, and communities to create safer and more inclusive schools. Prevention-focused strategies, along with holistic support for students and staff, help to build environments where every student feels protected and respected.

Healthy Campus is committed to supporting schools in these efforts through accessible, integrated healthcare solutions tailored to meet the needs of students and staff. Learn how we can help your school promote wellness and safety by visiting our website today.

 

Did you catch our earlier blog about the transformative Children and Youth Behavioral Health Initiative (CYBHI)?  Learn how this program is breaking barriers to mental health access in California schools, paving the way for a brighter, healthier future for students. Dive into the details here.

Tags :

Bullying Prevention Strategies, Cyberbullying and Mental Health, Parent and Educator Collaboration, School Safety and Inclusivity, Support for Bullying Victims

About Us

We believe on-campus healthcare must be accessible, convenient, and affordable.  We work with our school district partners to build integrated, program-driven, on-campus healthcare solutions.